105 Naval Aviation Heritage and Doctrine Fundamentals

References:

[a]   Naval Doctrine Publication, 1 Naval Warfare

[b]   Naval Doctrine Publication, 2 Naval Intelligence

[c]   Naval Doctrine Publication, 4 Naval Logistics

[d]   Naval Doctrine Publication, 5 Naval Planning

[e]   NAVEDTRA 12000, Airman

105.1     State the six areas of naval doctrine.

a. Naval Warfare - Deals with the inherent nature and enduring principles of naval forces.

b. Naval intelligence - Points the way for intelligence support in meeting the requirements of both regional conflicts and operations other than war.

c. Naval Operations - Develops doctrine to reaffirm the foundation of U. S. Navy and Marine Corps Expeditionary maritime traditions.

d. Naval Logistics - Addresses the full range of logistical capabilities that are essential in the support of naval forces.

e. Naval Planning - Examines planning and the relationship between our capabilities and operational planning in the joint and multinational environment.

f. Naval Command & Control - Provides the basic concept to fulfill the information needs of commanders, forces, and weapons systems.

105.2     Discuss how naval aviation supports the following warfare areas:

a. Reconnaissance/surveillance - Provides support for the collection of intelligence data, photographic data, and troop movement.

b. Antisubmarine - Provides support for the detection, tracking, and destruction of submarine threats.

c. Amphibious assault - Provides support for the assembly, embarkation, and deployment of amphibious forces, as well as for the sustenance of these forces once the beach head has been established.

d. Logistics support - Provides support to deployed naval forces, both at sea and ashore, throughout the world.

e. Search and rescue - Provide support for the location of downed aviators, lost crewmen, ships at sea, and miscellaneous search requirements as delineated by the Department of Defense.

f. Mine warfare - Provides support for the location and detonation of mines and mine field, as well as for the laying of mines in foreign waters to deprive enemy forces the use of those waterways.

105.3     Discuss the conditions that led to the formation of the U. S. Navy. - The events that led to the formation of the US Navy began on 13 October 1775, when the second Continental Congress authorized the purchase of two vessels.  This event is considered to be the birth date of the US Navy.

   When conflict between England and the colonies began, the various seaports and communities along the east coast were the first places attacked by the British Navy.  It was from these same seaports that the young Continental Navy launched its campaign against the British Fleet.

105.4     State the qualities that characterize the Navy/Marine Corps team as instruments to support national policies.

a. Competence - The ability to carry out the roles and duties assigned

b. Integrity - Character displayed in actions and relationships

c. Courage - The ability to overcome moral dilemmas and physical obstacles through an unyielding sense of duty and commitment.

105.5     State the three levels of war.

a. Tactical

b. Operational

c. Strategic

105.6     Explain how Naval Intelligence Operations, more than any other service, support peace time operational decision making. - During peacetime, naval intelligence plays an important role by supporting day-to-day decision making for forward deployed naval forces.  It also supports policy formulation and decision making on force structure, systems acquisition, and doctrine and tactics development.  Intelligence resources monitor foreign nations and regions to detect and characterize threats to US national interest.  Further, peacetime intelligence enhances naval training and exercises by providing realistic threat scenarios to train against.

105.7                       State the mission of Naval Logistics. - In peace and war, the mission of naval logistics is to provide and sustain our operational readiness providing the proper support to the proper place at the proper point in time.  In peace, operational readiness stems from the ability of our naval forces to accomplish a wide range of day-to-day tasking.  In war, operational readiness is the fore runner of war fighting effectiveness.

105.8                        

105.8     State the importance of planning to Naval Operations. - Successful naval operations are the result of routine training; from the platoon conducting small arms training at the base rifle range, to the carrier battle group training at sea, training builds cohesive nits.  These training exercises are planned to maximize the needs of all naval forces.

105.9     Discuss the importance of the following conflicts as they relate to naval aviation:

a. Coral Sea - The battle of Coral Sea took place between 4 and 8 May 1942. This battle was responsible for the abandonment of the Japanese attempt to land at Port Moresby.  This was the first major battle fought without opposing ships making contact with one another.

b. Midway - The Battle of Midway started on 3 June 1942. The Japanese suffered heavy losses in their surface force and aircraft. This battle was responsible for ending the Japanese thrust through the Central Pacific Ocean.

c. Guadalcanal - The Battle for Guadalcanal started on 7 August 1942, and lasted until 9 February 1943. Five carriers took part in this battle, launching aircraft for interceptor patrol and offensive missions against shipping, as well as close ground-support for the Marine Forces on the Island.

105.10 Discuss the significance of 8 May 1911, as it applies to naval aviation. - On 8 May 1911, the Navy purchased its first aircraft from Glenn Curtiss, the A-1 "Triad", at a cost of $5,500.  This date of purchase became the official birth date of naval aviation.

105.11 State the name of the first aircraft carrier. - The USS Langley (CV-1), commissioned in 1922, became the navy's first aircraft carrier. The Langley was modified from the USS Jupiter, and was not built from the deck up as a carrier.

105.12 What was the first jet powered naval aircraft? - The 19A, built by Westinghouse in 1943.

105.13 Who was the first naval aviator in space?  Commander Alan Shepard flew the first sub-orbital space flight on 5 May 1961.